Flame retardant science and technology is a science developed to meet the needs of social safety production and life, prevent fires, and protect people's lives and property. Flame retardant is the application of flame retardant technology in practical life, it is a special chemical additive used to improve the combustion performance of combustible and flammable materials, and is widely used in the flame retardant processing of various decoration materials. The material processed by flame retardant can effectively prevent, delay or terminate the spread of flame when attacked by external ignition sources, so as to achieve the effect of flame retardant.
Flame retardants are divided into two categories: physically mixed additive flame retardants and chemically bonded reactive flame retardants. The basic requirements for the physical properties of flame retardants are: (1) good compatibility with plastics and synthetic fibers; (2) It does not change the inherent excellent properties of the original substance; (3) Small dosage and large effect; (4) No decomposition at processing temperature; (5) Low toxicity, no toxic gas is produced during combustion; (6) Low cost. There are many substances that can be used as flame retardants, such as alkyl phosphate esters: tributyl phosphate, tris(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate, tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate, tris(2,3-dichloropropyl) phosphate, tris(2, 3-dibromopropyl) phosphate, Pyrol99, etc.; Aryl phosphate: toluene-diphenyl phosphate, trimethylphenyl phosphate, triphenyl phosphate, phosphoric acid (2-ethylhexyl)-diphenyl ester, etc. Dicyclopentadienes: chlordanic anhydride, etc. Aliphatic halogenated hydrocarbons, especially bromide: dibromomethane, trichlorobromethylene, dichlorobromomethyl and aromatic bromides such as octabromodiphenyl oxide, pentabromoethylbenzene, tetrabromobisphenol A and other halogenated compounds. In addition, there are tris(dibromopropyl) phosphate and halocyclohexane and their derivatives, and decabromodiphenyl ether and its derivatives. Inorganic flame retardants include tellurium compounds, hydroxyl aluminum, magnesium hydroxide, borate, etc. Organic nitrogen flame retardants, such as triazine and its derivatives, melamine, etc., are not ideal when used alone, but can have a synergistic effect when used in combination with phosphorus-based flame retardants. There are two types of composite flame retardants like this, one is the compound flame retardant of the mechanical mixture of two flame retardants; The second is compounds that contain both nitrogen and phosphorus. The former is a flame retardant composed of melamine and polyphosphate, and a flame retardant composed of urea, dicyandiamide and phosphate; The latter are such as melamine salts of pentaerythritol phosphate, cyclophosphamide polymers, etc.
